You’ve probably already heard of CBD and its beneficial effects. Still, there’s often some confusion surrounding it—so if you’re looking for clarity, you’re in the right place.
Cannabidiol, or CBD for short, is a cannabinoid naturally present in industrial hemp. It’s a non-psychoactive compound, making it an appealing option for those seeking anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving, or calming effects.
With a wide variety of CBD products now available, knowing how to use them properly is key. In this article, we’ll explore what CBD is, how it works, and how to choose and use the right product for you.
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How is CBD different from marijuana, hemp, and industrial hemp?
Many people still confuse CBD with marijuana or industrial hemp. As a result, hemp products sometimes carry an outdated stigma—mainly due to the psychoactive associations of marijuana. But what’s the real difference?
Let’s start at the root. Hemp is an ancient plant that has been cultivated for many uses across centuries. While most associate it with marijuana, there are actually three distinct subspecies:
- Cannabis sativa – known as common or industrial hemp
- Cannabis indica – known as Indian hemp or marijuana
- Cannabis ruderalis – a lesser-known strain native to central Russia
Industrial hemp refers to Cannabis sativa, which is legally grown for food and industrial use. Marijuana refers to Cannabis indica, which is used for medical or recreational purposes.
Both types of hemp contain cannabinoids—most notably CBD (cannabidiol) and THC (tetrahydrocannabinol). The main difference? Marijuana contains higher levels of THC, while industrial hemp is rich in CBD and contains only trace amounts of THC, along with other cannabinoids.
- So what’s the difference between CBD and THC?
CBD and THC share the same chemical structure, but the arrangement of their atoms differs—leading to very different effects on the body. Both interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system, but they activate different receptors.
THC has a strong psychoactive effect—it impacts the brain, altering mood and behaviour. In contrast, CBD is non-psychoactive and offers strong therapeutic potential, making it a safe and popular option for natural support.
How does CBD work in the body?
CBD and other cannabinoids affect the endocannabinoid system (ECS)—a vital signalling system composed of endocannabinoids, cannabinoid receptors, and enzymes. This system helps regulate stress, injury, inflammation, mood, energy, and immune response. Think of it as the body’s internal safety net—but one that can wear down over time.
When you ingest or apply CBD, it activates key receptors in the ECS—most notably CB1 and CB2. This activation allows CBD to trigger beneficial chemical signals within cells, helping to reduce inflammation and support balance.
Different ways to take CBD
Thanks to industrial hemp’s legal use in food and wellness, a wide range of CBD products is now available. Here’s a look at the most common options:
- CBD oil / CBD drops: This CO2-extracted hemp extract contains CBD along with other naturally occurring cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Depending on the formulation, it may include legally permitted trace amounts of THC or be entirely THC-free. The extract is blended into a carrier oil—usually olive, coconut, or hempseed oil—for optimal bioavailability. CBD oils are among the most popular formats.
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- CBD paste: A rich, concentrated hemp extract in a resinous format, blended with hempseed oil. This is the purest and most potent form of CBD extract. CBD paste is applied sublingually using a twist applicator.
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- CBD sprays: These offer the same CBD extract as drops but are always THC-free. CBD Sprays typically have a lower concentration of CBD and may include natural flavours such as chocolate, orange, or mint. Their key benefits are ease of use and discreet application.
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- CBD capsules: These contain full-spectrum CBD oil or dried hemp plant parts. Once ingested, they’re absorbed through the digestive system. While convenient, absorption is generally lower compared to oils.
- CBD patches: A modern method of topical CBD delivery. These adhesive patches contain naturally derived CBD and allow for easy application directly onto the skin.
Health benefits of CBD
A growing body of research highlights the therapeutic potential of CBD-rich hemp. It may offer a wide range of benefits:
- Pain and inflammation relief: Hemp has long been used to ease pain—even in traditional Chinese medicine. Today, many researchers believe that CBD has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. This is due to the endocannabinoid system in our bodies, which plays a key role in regulating pain perception. By taking CBD, we influence pain receptors—resulting in a natural pain-relieving effect.
- Support with autoimmune conditions: While the causes of autoimmune diseases remain unclear, one thing is certain: conditions like allergies, atopic dermatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis all share a common root—chronic inflammation. As mentioned above, this can be effectively alleviated with the help of CBD.
- Improved sleep quality: Studies show that CBD has a calming effect on the central nervous system. The quality of sleep tends to improve not only because CBD relaxes the body, but because it also addresses the root causes of insomnia—such as stress, anxiety, and restlessness.
- Support with anxiety and nervous tension: CBD has gained increasing attention for its potential to ease anxiety and tension. It appears to work by enhancing the serotonergic system, which helps reduce anxious thoughts, panic attacks, and other emotional imbalances.
- Support for epilepsy management: Although epilepsy is treated in various ways, a growing number of studies show that regular use of CBD may significantly reduce the frequency and severity of seizures in some individuals.
Is it safe to use CBD products?
It’s clear that CBD offers a wide range of therapeutic benefits—and it does so in a completely natural way. Since it is non-psychoactive, it is legal and widely accessible. In many cases, it’s not only permitted but also recommended as a supportive natural remedy.
CBD is a gentle and safe option, suitable for most users. However, proper dosing is essential. When used incorrectly or in very high doses, CBD may cause mild side effects such as drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness, diarrhoea, or abdominal discomfort.
How to dose CBD correctly
Before taking any CBD product, it’s important to understand that the ideal dose can vary from person to person. This is because our endocannabinoid systems have different sensitivities and requirements. We always recommend starting with a low dose and increasing it gradually every other day:
- Day 1: 1 drop or 1 spray per day
- Day 3: 1 drop in the morning and 1 in the evening
- Day 5: 1 drop in the morning and 2 in the evening
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It may take some time to find your ideal dosage and begin noticing positive results. Once you’ve reached the desired effect, there’s no need to increase the dose further—the aim is to find the lowest effective dose that works for your body. For most adults with mild to moderate concerns, this tends to fall between 10 and 40 mg of CBD per day.
How to take CBD for maximum benefit
- Place drops or spray under your tongue.
- Hold for 60 seconds.
- Swallow.
What to look for when choosing CBD products
With so many CBD products on the market, it’s important to choose carefully—not all are created equal. The most effective CBD is extracted at low temperatures, without the use of solvents or alcohol.
You should always check that your product contains a clearly defined amount of CBD and other ingredients, verified by independent laboratory testing. Make sure it complies with strict EU regulations and carries the necessary certifications for organically grown hemp.
Is CBD legal?
Most EU countries have legalised the cultivation of industrial hemp, though regulations regarding THC content can vary.
In Slovenia, CBD products containing less than 0.2% THC are legal. Cultivation of hemp is also permitted, provided it’s grown on a consolidated area of at least 100 m² and registered with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food.
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Posted by Barbara Novak on date , updated on .
